Science and Technology Parks and Regional Economic Development by Unknown

Author:Unknown
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030309633
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Westhead (1997) and Westhead and Storey (1994) studied the differences between firms located on and off campus explaining that the causes and consequences of science parks and incubators may be idiosyncratic to their geographic locations, political and social contexts, and economic systems.

There is a paucity of research on the human capital of the entrepreneurs, and the opportunity identification process which is place dependent. Science parks and incubators will benefit by stronger demography of entrepreneurs, developed infrastructure, and labor markets compared to those involved in the creation of ventures outside economically developed locations.

Science park and incubator managers play an active role in identifying opportunities for expansion and collaborating locally with other firms. Existing studies indicate that managers scan the environment according to cognition and opportunities (Autio et al. 2001; Stenholm et al. 2013) and decide where to go and establish their business. These conditions are found to be related to the level of human capital and other resources available in a region (Glaeser et al. 2001) as well as other demographic factors (Audretsch et al. 2015; Belitski and Desai 2016). Thus, scientists in science parks and incubators may be those who have recognized the limited opportunities of location in a city and may perceive campus location as an opportunity in places where economic development outside campus is relatively low.

Knowledge spillovers, clusterization of knowledge, and ability to pool public resources to invest in technology transfer (Siegel et al. 2003a) will also determine location on campus. In addition, favorable regional conditions toward entrepreneurship and innovation also facilitate the development of universities’ capabilities (Link and Sarala 2019). Therefore, we expect that regional conditions reinforce the effect of university capability on the different commercialization activities (Audretsch and Link 2019).

This means that in most developed cities, science parks will see more opportunities off campus, which will affect start-ups and spin-offs outcomes, while in more deprived areas, location on campus may bring additional benefits. We hypothesize:H4. Regional economic development reinforces the effect of university science parks on university entrepreneurial outcomes.

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